pigment preparation, master batch (In French concentré pigmentaire) preliminary product in the production of printing inks; form delivered to printing ink manufacturers, but also to flexo and gravure printing works with ink mixing and metering facilities.
pigment concentrates (In French concentré de pigment) basic range of pigment preparations in various chromatic and achromatic color shades, from which any quantity of any process or special ink can be blended in flexo and gravure packaging printing works with the help of ink blending software and computer-aided metering technology, adding wastage and solvents.
physical color mixture, absorptive interference (In French synthèse soustractive, interférence d’absorption) incorrectly called “subtractive color mixture” (as opposite of additive color mixture); mutual absorptive influence of object colors (e.g. merged opaque paints, superimposed printing ink layers, transparent color filters arranged in series). In absorptive interference, nothing is mathematically subtracted; instead, all those parts of the irradiated light that are not re-emitted and thus are not involved in the formation of a color stimulus (Lambert-Beer’s law)…
PhotoYCC image data format .pcd developed by Kodak specially for the photo CD in the YCC color space model with brightness Y, Cb blue-standardized red-green chrominance and Cr red-standardized blue-green chrominance.
photon, quantum of light (In French photon) light particle that also shows wave properties (wave-particle dualism) and is emitted when an excited electron returns to its normal state (“quantum leap”). The type of atom (chemical element/compound) is responsible for the impulse energy which the photon receives in the course of the quantum leap. The wavelength of the light is the quotient of Planck’s constant h and impulse.
photometry light measuring technology.
photometer, illumination meter (In French luxmètre) measuring device for determining luminance (cd/m²) or luminous intensity (cd). In particular in the calibration of soft copy proof-to-press jobs, the ambient brightness, that is, the dimmed light of the standard light luminaire on the illuminated desk in front of the integrated wide-gamut monitor, should be included in monitor calibration and validation. So far, this integrated concept is offered only by basICColor (Discus colorimeter), Just Normlicht (USB-controlled dimmable standard…
photoinitiator essential component of UV inks and varnishes; depending on the type, the photoinitiator decomposes into highly reactive radicals or cations, which trigger a polymerization chain reaction in binding agents and thus ensure film formation and full hardening. Offset inks with photoinitiators that are geared to narrow-band UV sources (Excimer, LED arrays) are having trouble gaining acceptance. Photoinitiator fission products can migrate in food packaging.
photoflux (In French flux lumineux) see luminous flux.
phosphorescence (In French phosphorescence) see luminescence.
perfecting inks (In French encres pour impression recto-verso) fast-drying offset printing inks on the recto side of a print sheet, which cannot smear on the impression cylinder after the sheet has been turned in multi-color presses.
(perceived) color attributes (In French attributs de couleur perçue) intuitive color attributes: brightness, hue, chromaticness.
(perceived) color attributes (In French attributs de couleur perçue) intuitive color attributes: brightness, hue, chromaticness.
pearlescent/lustre/nacreous pigments (In French pigments perlescents/à effet de perle) the most popular group of interference pigments, which offer not only a special shimmer but also in some cases color flop effects; prepared from mica schist by BASF/Ciba, Eckart (Pearlstar, Phoenix), Kremer (50000), Merck (Iriodin, Pearlets); formulae mainly for gravure, flexo and screen printing, but with smaller particles also for sheet-fed offset; pearlescent pigments develop their sheen best on smooth surfaces, especially on matt-coated papers.
pearl factor (In French accrochage d’après Ritz) see ink trapping (according to Ritz).
PDF/X, PDF for Blind Exchange (In French PDF pour un échange aveugle) ISO standards and GWG conventions explaining and defining special requirements and test criteria for the unseen exchange, that is, color-consistent and without correction, of PDF documents for multicolor printing (White Paper, ISO 15929).
PDF Print Engine , APPE free module by Adobe for software developers who want to integrate an elegant output solution in their applications. The APPE expects PDF documents and then processes these into output documents for multicolor printing without taking the PostScript detour, using ICC profiles, for example for soft copy proof images on the monitor, half-tone illustration files for CtP printing plate image setters or output files for digital proof and digital printing.
PDF, Portable Document Format (In French format de document multi-plateforme) object-oriented format .pdf (ISO 32000) developed by Adobe and used within the framework of the document exchange program Acrobat, with which cross-platform documents can be represented in their original typography and appearance. PDF has largely displaced PostScript in the modern output workflow and is adapted there to the general physical conditions of the target printer in that the PDF pages are checked for errors (“preflight…
patch (In French plage de mesure) element in ink control strips, grayscale wedges, test print formes etc.
paper white (In French blanc du papier, blancheur du papier) reference value for color density measurement (except in the USA) and hue to be simulated in digital and soft copy proof. Depending on the simulation requirements in digital proof printing, the suitable rendering intent is selected for the gamut mapping of the printing process color space to the proof printer color space – see profile linking.
